An Investigation of IoT‐Based Smart Elderly Care Monitoring Systems in Sokoto South LGA, Sokoto State
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Background of the study:
With an aging population, ensuring the health and well-being of the elderly has become a major public health priority, particularly in regions such as Sokoto South LGA. Traditional elderly care often relies on periodic visits and manual monitoring, which can lead to delays in identifying health emergencies. An IoT‐based smart elderly care monitoring system offers a revolutionary solution by providing continuous, real‐time monitoring of vital signs, movement patterns, and other health parameters through wearable sensors and connected devices (Ibrahim, 2023). These systems can detect anomalies such as falls, abnormal heart rates, or prolonged inactivity, triggering immediate alerts to caregivers or emergency services (Adeniyi, 2024). The integration of cloud-based data analytics enables the tracking of health trends over time, allowing for proactive interventions and personalized care plans (Udo, 2025). Moreover, these devices can be linked to mobile applications, ensuring that family members and healthcare providers remain informed about the well-being of elderly individuals at all times. The continuous monitoring provided by IoT technology reduces the burden on caregivers and improves the overall quality of care, while also promoting independent living among the elderly. This smart approach to elderly care aligns with global trends in telemedicine and remote monitoring, offering a sustainable model for enhancing the safety and quality of life of the aging population.
Statement of the problem:
In Sokoto South LGA, the elderly care system is challenged by the limitations of traditional, manual monitoring methods that do not provide continuous oversight of health parameters. These conventional practices lead to delayed detection of critical health events such as falls, heart irregularities, or sudden changes in activity levels, thereby increasing the risk of severe complications (Ibrahim, 2023). The absence of real-time data and automated alert systems means that caregivers and healthcare providers are often unable to respond promptly to emergencies, compromising the safety and well-being of elderly individuals. Furthermore, the reliance on periodic check-ins fails to capture subtle changes in health status, leading to missed opportunities for early intervention and preventive care (Adeniyi, 2024). Financial constraints, limited technical expertise, and inadequate infrastructure further hinder the implementation of advanced monitoring solutions. Consequently, many elderly individuals remain vulnerable to unaddressed health issues, which can result in increased hospitalization rates and diminished quality of life. The lack of integrated systems that provide comprehensive, continuous monitoring represents a critical gap in elderly care management in the region. Addressing these challenges through the adoption of an IoT‐based smart monitoring system is essential to enhance the responsiveness and effectiveness of elderly care services, thereby ensuring a safer living environment for the aging population (Udo, 2025).
Objectives of the study:
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To design an IoT‐based smart elderly care monitoring system for continuous health surveillance.
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To evaluate the system’s effectiveness in early detection of health emergencies.
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To propose strategies for integrating the system with existing elderly care frameworks.
Research questions:
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How effective is the IoT‐based system in monitoring key health parameters of the elderly in real time?
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What improvements in emergency response times are observed with the system’s implementation?
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How can the system be integrated with current elderly care practices to enhance overall well-being?
Significance of the study:
This study is significant as it introduces a proactive approach to elderly care through continuous, IoT‐based monitoring. By enabling early detection of health issues and timely interventions, the system improves the safety and quality of life for the elderly. The findings will benefit caregivers, healthcare providers, and policymakers by offering a scalable model for enhancing elderly care services in Sokoto South LGA.
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to the investigation and evaluation of IoT‐based smart elderly care monitoring systems in Sokoto South LGA. It does not extend to other healthcare technologies or different geographic areas.
Definitions of terms:
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IoT (Internet of Things): A network of interconnected devices that exchange real-time data.
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Elderly Care Monitoring System: A system that continuously tracks health indicators of elderly individuals.
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Telemedicine: The remote diagnosis and treatment of patients via telecommunications technology.
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